The Arctic Ocean Response to the North Atlantic Oscillation

2000 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 2671-2696 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. R. Dickson ◽  
T. J. Osborn ◽  
J. W. Hurrell ◽  
J. Meincke ◽  
J. Blindheim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North Atlantic Oscillation ◽  
Arctic Ocean ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
The North ◽  
Ocean Response ◽  
The Arctic Ocean ◽  
The North Atlantic ◽  
The North Atlantic Oscillation

scholarly journals Carbon cycling in the Arctic Archipelago: the export of Pacific carbon to the North Atlantic

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 971-994 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. H. Shadwick ◽  
T. Papakyriakou ◽  
A. E. F. Prowe ◽  
D. Leong ◽  
S. A. Moore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arctic Ocean ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
Barents Sea ◽  
Hydrological Cycle ◽  
Dissolved Inorganic Carbon ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Co2 Uptake ◽  
The North ◽  
The Arctic Ocean ◽  
The North Atlantic

Abstract. The Arctic Ocean is expected to be disproportionately sensitive to climatic changes, and is thought to be an area where such changes might be detected. The Arctic hydrological cycle is influenced by: runoff and precipitation, sea ice formation/melting, and the inflow of saline waters from Bering and Fram Straits and the Barents Sea Shelf. Pacific water is recognizable as intermediate salinity water, with high concentrations of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), flowing from the Arctic Ocean to the North Atlantic via the Canadian Arctic Archipelago. We present DIC data from an east-west section through the Archipelago, as part of the Canadian International Polar Year initiatives. The fractions of Pacific and Arctic Ocean waters leaving the Archipelago and entering Baffin Bay, and subsequently the North Atlantic, are computed. The eastward transport of carbon from the Pacific, via the Arctic, to the North Atlantic is estimated. Altered mixing ratios of Pacific and freshwater in the Arctic Ocean have been recorded in recent decades. Any climatically driven alterations in the composition of waters leaving the Arctic Archipelago may have implications for anthropogenic CO2 uptake, and hence ocean acidification, in the subpolar and temperate North Atlantic.

The North Atlantic Oscillation and the Arctic Oscillation favour harmful algal blooms in SW Europe

Harmful Algae ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 121-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
José C. Báez ◽  
Raimundo Real ◽  
Victoria López-Rodas ◽  
Eduardo Costas ◽  
A. Enrique Salvo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North Atlantic Oscillation ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
Harmful Algal Blooms ◽  
Algal Blooms ◽  
Arctic Oscillation ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Atlantic ◽  
The Arctic Oscillation ◽  
The North Atlantic Oscillation

scholarly journals The Occurrence and Properties of Long-Lived Liquid-Bearing Clouds over the Greenland Ice Sheet and Their Relationship to the North Atlantic Oscillation

2018 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 921-935 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Edwards-Opperman ◽  
Steven Cavallo ◽  
David Turner
Keyword(s):  
North Atlantic Oscillation ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
Ice Sheet ◽  
Greenland Ice Sheet ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Positive Phase ◽  
Cloud Base ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Atlantic ◽  
The North Atlantic Oscillation

AbstractStratiform liquid-bearing clouds (LBCs), defined herein as either pure liquid or mixed-phase clouds, have a large impact on the surface radiation budget across the Arctic. LBCs lasting at least 6 h are observed at Summit, Greenland, year-round with a maximum in occurrence during summer. Mean cloud-base height is below 1 km for 85% of LBC cases identified, 59% have mean liquid water path (LWP) values between 10 and 40 g m−2, and most produce sporadic light ice-phase precipitation. During their occurrence, the atmosphere above the ice sheet is anomalously warm and moist, with southerly winds observed over much of the ice sheet, including at Summit. LBCs that occur when the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) is in the negative phase correspond to strong ridging centered over the Greenland Ice Sheet (GIS), allowing for southwesterly flow over the GIS toward Summit. During the positive phase of the NAO, the occurrence of LBCs corresponds to a cyclone located off the southeastern coast of the ice sheet, which leads to easterly-to-southeasterly flow toward Summit. Furthermore, air parcels at Summit frequently originate from below the elevation of Summit, indicating that orographic lift along the ice sheet is a factor in the occurrence of LBCs at Summit. LBCs are more frequently observed during the negative NAO, and both the LWP and precipitation rate are larger in LBCs occurring during this phase. Mean LWP in LBCs occurring during the negative NAO is 15 g m−2 larger than in LBCs occurring during the positive phase.

Atmospheric, oceanic, and sea-ice variability along Nares Strait: a numerical model study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yarisbel Garcia Quintana ◽  
Paul G. Myers ◽  
Kent Moore
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Model ◽  
Sea Ice ◽  
Arctic Ocean ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Nares Strait ◽  
The North ◽  
The Arctic Ocean ◽  
The North Atlantic

<p>Nares Strait, between Greenland and Ellesmere Island, is one of the main pathways connecting the Arctic Ocean to the North Atlantic. The multi-year sea ice that is transported through the strait plays an important role in the mass balance of Arctic sea-ice as well as influencing the climate of the North Atlantic region. This transport is modulated by the formation of ice arches that form at the southern and northern of the strait.  The arches also play an important role in the maintenance of the North Water Polynya (NOW) that forms at the southern end of the strait. The NOW is one of the largest and most productive of Arctic polynyas. Given its significance, we use an eddy-permitting regional configuration of the Nucleus for European Modelling of the Ocean (NEMO) to explore sea-ice variability along Nares Strait, from 2002 to 2019. The model is coupled with the Louvain-la-Neuve (LIM2) sea ice thermodynamic and dynamic numerical model and is forced by the Canadian Meteorological Centre’s Global Deterministic Prediction System Reforecasts.</p><p>We use the model to explore the variability in ocean and sea ice characteristics along Nares Strait. The positive and negative degree days, measures of ice decay and growth, along the strait are consistent with the warming that the region is experiencing. Sea-ice production/decay did not show any significant change other than an enhanced decay during the summers of 2017-1019. Sea-ice thickness on the other hand has decreased significantly since 2007. This decrease has been more pronounced along the northern (north of Kane Basin) portion of the strait. What is more, ocean model data indicates that since 2007 the northern Nares Strait upper 100m layer has become fresher, indicating an increase in the freshwater export out of the Arctic Ocean and through the strait. The southern portion of the strait, on the other hand, has become warmer and saltier, which would be consistent with an influx of Irminger Water as proposed by previous modelling results. These changes could impact the formation and stability of the ice arch and hence the cessation of ice transport down Nares Strait as well as contributing to changes in the characteristics of the NOW. </p>

scholarly journals The Arctic Ocean as a dead end for floating plastics in the North Atlantic branch of the Thermohaline Circulation

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. e1600582 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrés Cózar ◽  
Elisa Martí ◽  
Carlos M. Duarte ◽  
Juan García-de-Lomas ◽  
Erik van Sebille ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arctic Ocean ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
Thermohaline Circulation ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
The North ◽  
Dead End ◽  
The Arctic Ocean ◽  
The North Atlantic

scholarly journals Influence of the North Atlantic Oscillation on air pollution transport

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 869-877 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Christoudias ◽  
A. Pozzer ◽  
J. Lelieveld
Keyword(s):  
North Atlantic Oscillation ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
North American ◽  
Trace Gases ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Pollution Transport ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Atlantic ◽  
The North Atlantic Oscillation

Abstract. We examined the influence of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) on the atmospheric dispersion of pollution by computing the emission, transport and removal of idealized insoluble gaseous and water-soluble aerosol tracers, tagged by the continent of origin. We simulated a period of 50 yr (1960–2010), using the ECHAM5/MESSy1 atmospheric chemistry (EMAC) general circulation model. The model accounts for anthropogenic, biogenic and biomass burning sources, removal of trace gases through OH oxidation, and precipitation, sedimentation and deposition of aerosols. The model is shown to reproduce the observed spatial features of the NAO, moisture transports and precipitation. During high NAO phase seasons the axis of maximum westerly North American trace gas transports extends relatively far to the north and east over Europe. The NAO phase is significantly correlated with North American insoluble gas and soluble aerosol tracer concentrations over the northwestern Atlantic Ocean and across northern Europe, and with European trace gases and aerosols over Africa and north of the Arctic circle. We find a strong anti-correlation between the phase of the NAO and European pollutant gas concentration over western and central Europe.

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